Extra worksheets
India:location and physical features
Municipal Administration
Rise and Decline of Mauryan Empire
Extra worksheet of Ch District Administration
Extra worksheet of Ch Jainism and Buddhism
Extra worksheet of Ch Village Administration
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Extra worksheets
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Chapter - Geo forms of the earth
1)
Name the two types of forces that help in formation of different
landforms.
Exogenic and Endogenic Forces
2)
What causes slow movements within the earth?
Slow movements with the earth are caused
by compression or tension
3)
State the broad classification of landforms.
major landforms and minor landforms
4.What is a mountain?
A mountain is
a naturally elevated large mass of land forming peaks above the surrounding
area.
5. How are fold mountains
formed?
Fold mountains are formed when large scale Earth movements caused by
wrnkling or folding of the Earth’s crust
along the line of weakness. The land is lifted in a wave like
formation. The upfold or anticline forms the mountain and the downfold or
syncline forms the valley.
6. How are the block mountains
formed?
Sometimes
forces of compression and tension may cause cracks and faults on the Earth’s
crust. When the land between the two faults is pushed upwards above the
surrounding level, they form block mountain or horsts. On the contrary of the
land is pushed downwards, it forms a rift valley or graben.
7. Mountains are famous for
tourism. However, we see tourist polluting the hill stations. How will it affect
the environment in future?
Due to increase in tourism industry, there are large numbers of
tourists visiting hill stations. This has led to increase of construction work
on hills, wherein the hills are cut to make accommodations. There is also rise
in vehicles which leads to rise in pollution on hills. We also see litter
around which pollutes the beauty of hills.
8. These mountains are formed
when lava erupts from vents. – Volcanic Mountains
9. Name any two volcanic
mountains. – Mt. Fujiyama, Mt,
Kilimanjaro, Mt. Vesuvius
10. How are residual mountains
formed? Continuous erosion of old fold
mountains over the years form residual mountains.
11. What are
the types of tectonic plateaus? continental,
intermontane and piedmont plateau
12. What are continental
plateaus?
Continental
Plateaus are upliftment of a block of land from the adjacent lowland or sea.
Which plateau is known as the ‘Roof of the World’?
Tibetan Plateau is known as the ‘Roof of the World’
13. Give an example of volcanic
plateau. - Deccan Plateau
14. Give an example of residual
plateau. – Fjelf Plateau, Cumberland Plateau
Name one famous waterfall in India which is located on
plateau. – Jog Falls
15. What are plains?
Plains are
flat low lands which are formed either by erosion of old high landforms or by depositional
activity.
16. Name the three types of
plains.
Structural
Plains, Depositional Plains and Erosional Plains
17. Give importance of Plains.
Fertile soil helps in agriculture, rivers give enough water for
irrigation and human settlements, construction of buildings, industries and
transportation makes it easy on flat surface.
18. How are structural plains
formed?
These plains
are formed by internal forces that result in upliftment of the horizontal
layears of the Earth.
19. How are depositional plains
formed?
These plains
are formed by deposition of various agents of erosion such as wind, rivers,
glaciers, etc. over the period of years.
20. How are erosional plains
formed?
These
plains are carved when rivers, wind, glaciers, etc. erode and smoothen the
irregularities of the earth’s surface.
Jainism and
Buddhism
1.
Why do you think the Guru was important to his students in ancient
India?
The guru was important to his students in ancient India because the
Guru was the source of knowledge to his students. He also taught his students
valuable lessons about life.
2.
Have you heard about the caste system? Was it a positive or a negative
system?
Yes I have heard about the caste system. It was a negative system
because people belonging to the lower castes were discriminated against.
3.
What is the meaning of the term Upanishad?
The
term Upanishad means sitting down near, this implies students sitting down near
their Guru to learn the big secret.
4.
When were the Upanishads compiled?
The Upanishads were compiled over a long period, mainly the
Mahajanapada period.
5.
Why did the economic condition of the Vaishyas improve?
The increase in trade, led to an improvement in the economic condition
of the Vaishyas.
6.
Why was the language of Sanskrit unacceptable to the masses?
The language of Sanskrit was
unacceptable to the masses because it was not a language they understood.
7.
What social system did Jainism oppose?
Jainism
opposed the social system of castes that was prevalent at that time.
8.
What message did Buddhism spread?
Buddhism spread the message of hope.
9.
What did the Jainists believe concerning living things?
The Jainists believed that all living things had souls and had to be respected.
10.
Why do you think that the Upanishads
contributed much to the understanding of life?
The
philosophers who composed the Upanishads pondered upon the various ambiguities
of life and its creation. The Upanishads opened up the intriguing account of
creation, life, the essence of life through episodes, commentaries, stories,
traditions and dialogues. Thus the Upanishads contributed much to the
understanding of life.
11.
Why do you think that the rituals prescribed by the Brahmins were
unacceptable to common people?
The rituals prescribed by the Brahmins were unacceptable to common
people because they were costly and elaborate.
12. Name some religions
followed in India?
Some of the religions followed in India are Hinduism, Jainism,
Buddhism, Christianity, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism and Judaism.
13.
What do you think the meaning of the word Satya is?
The meaning of the word Satya means not to speak lies
14.
Who is a Tirthankara?
A Tirthankara is an enlightened soul who is born as a human being and
attains perfection through intense meditation.
15.
Who is the founder of Jainism?
Rishabhadev was the founder
of Jainism.
16.
How do Jains obtain liberation from worldly bonds?
The
Jains believe that liberation from worldly bonds can be obtained by following
Triratnas or the three jewels of Jainism.
17.
What are the followers of Jina called?
The followers of Jina are called as
Jains.
18. What is the right path of
life?
The right path of life is overcoming evils like ego and anger through meditation.
19.
What according to Jainism is enlightenment?
According to Jainism enlightenment is deep knowledge
and understanding about everything in life.
20.
Why do you think that Satya and Asteya are important principles for
each one of us?
Satya
speaks about the importance of not speaking lies and Asteya speaks about the
importance of not stealing. Both these principles are important principles to
be followed by each one of us.
21.
Why do Jain monks wear a cloth while talking?
Jain
monks wear a cloth while talking so that they do not kill any organism in the process.
22.
Who provides Jain monks with food?
Various householders provide Jain monks with food
23.
Who compiled Lord Mahavira’s teachings?
Lord
Mahavira’s teachings were compiled by his immediate disciples known as Gandharas.
24.
In which language were the Jain sacred books written?
The Jain sacred books were written in
Prakrit.
25.
What did the Digambaras believe concerning the food of saints? The
Digambaras believed that a saint needs no food and he can sustain life without
eating.
26. What did the
Shvetambaras believe concerning the attainment of liberation by women?
The
Shvetambaras believed that women could achieve
liberation.
27. Who spread Jainism in
Karnataka?
Jainism was spread in Karnataka by Chandragupta Maurya.
28.
Why did few people follow Jainism?
Very few people followed Jainism as it did not condemn the caste system.
29. What is the central tenet of
Jainism?
The central tenet of Jainism is non – violence.
30.
Which great Indian leader was influenced by Jainism? Mahatma Gandhi was greatly influenced by Jainism
31.
Why did farmers find it difficult to follow Jainism?
Farmers
found it difficult to follow the rules laid by Jainism, because they had to
kill insects to protect their crops.
32.
Why did Jainism first reach South and West India?
Jainism
first reached South and West India where Brahmanism was not strong.
33.
What were Mahavira’s teachings concerning birth in a high or low caste?
Mahavira believed that a person was born either into a high or low
caste based on the virtues he acquired in his previous birth.
34.
What are the sacred books of Buddhism called?
The sacred books of Buddhism are called Tripitakas.
35.
How were the teachings of Buddhism handed down over the
centuries?
The teachings of Buddhism were handed down over the centuries from
teacher to student.
36.
What was Gautama Buddha’s first sermon called?
Gautama Buddha’s first sermon was called the ‘Turning of the Wheel of Law’.
37.
What according to Buddhism was Karma?
Karma
means the sum of a person’s actions in this and previous births.
38.
Why do you think according to Buddhism desires had to be renounced?
According to the four noble truths of Buddhism the world is full of
suffering, and this suffering is caused because of desire. Thus desire had to
be renounced to achieve salvation.
39.
How do you think that right thought would contribute
to our happiness?
Right thought which is one of the principles of the eight fold path
focuses on us having an unselfish and mentally healthy attitude to life, free
from hatred and greed. This would definitely contribute to our happiness.
40.
How do you think the life of a Buddhist monk would be?
The life of a Buddhist monk would be the life of an Ascetic. It would
be devoid of all comforts and would be dependent on others for basic
requirements like food.
41. What were a
Buddhist monasteries called as?
Buddhist monasteries were called as Sangha.
42.
How would a Buddhist monk meet his basic needs like food?
A
Buddhist monk had to abandon the world and live on the charity of common
people. Each morning the monk would have to go begging for alms for their meals.
43.
What were some of the rules that Buddha laid down for the monks?
Buddha
laid down rules for the Buddhist monks. They had to abandon the world and live
on the charity of common people. Each morning they had to go begging for alms
for their meals. The monks would shave their heads and wear simple saffron robes.
44.
Why do you think that Buddhist monks had to renounce
all comforts?
Buddhist monks had to renounce all comforts, as comforts were rooted in
desires, and desires according to Buddha were the source of all problems in life.
45.
How was the Mahayana sect of Buddhism different from the Hinayana sect?
·
The Mahayana
sect believed that Buddha was an incarnation of God. While the Hinayana sect
looked at Buddha as a teacher.
·
The Mahayana sect introduced
many rituals and ceremonies. The Hinayana sect relied on good deeds and the
eight fold path.
·
The Mahayana worshipped
images of Buddha. The Hinayana had no idol worship. But they worshipped Buddha
through symbols.
·
The Mahayana
adopted Sanskrit for writing. While the Hinayana used Pali for preaching their
faith instead of Sanskrit.
46.
What does the word Upanishad mean in Sanskrit?
In Sanskrit the word ‘upa’ means near, ‘ni’ means down and ‘sad’ means
to sit.
47.
What does right meditation mean in the eight fold path?
Right meditation means working towards training your mind for intense
concentration which, in turn, will lead to salvation.
Chapter – Rise and decline
of Mauryan Empire
1.
Which was the most powerful kingdom of the sixteen Mahajanapadas?
Magadha
2.
Which were the three other dynasties before the Mauryan
dynasty?
The
Haryanka, the Shishunaga, the Nanda dynasty.
3.
Who helped Alexander during his invasion of India?
Ambhi ,
the Prince of Taxila
4.
Why do you think that Alexander’s army could progress deeper into
India?
He received assistance from the armies of Ambhi, the prince of Taxila.
5.
What was Chanakyas impression of the Nanda dynasty?
Accept relevant answers from the students) He believed that the entire
Nanda dynasty had to be uprooted and dharma had to be established in Magadha.
He felt that the rulers of the Nanda dynasty were the rulers who had spoiled
Bharat.
6.
What was Dhana Nandas reaction to Chanakyas warning?
He snubbed Chanakya and insulted him.
7.
What was Bindusara also known as?
Amitrochates or the destroyer of enemies
8.
What was the extent of Bindusara’s kingdom?
The land between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. It extended as
far as Mysore, except Kalinga on the east coast.
9.
What was Ashoka known earlier?
‘Chandaashoka’ which means
“Ashoka, the Fierce”.
10. What do the inscriptions
from Ashoka’s time throw light on?
Ashoka’s
career, his domestic and external policies, as well as the extent of his empire.
11. Explain how Bindusara was an
excellent administrator.
He ran the administration smoothly and maintained good relations with
the Greeks, the Syrians and the Egyptians.
12. How did Ashoka continue in
the footsteps of his father and grandfather?
By extending his frontiers with fresh conquests and engaging in war
with different states.
13. What are the various
measures that any government takes for the welfare of its citizens?
14. Measures such as building roads, providing water for agriculture,
opening of orphanages etc.
15.
Who was the ruler of Kalinga?
Kalingraj
16.
How many Kalingans were killed in the war of Kalinga?
1,00,000 Kalingans
17. Which religion did Ashoka
follow after the Kalinga war?
Buddhism
18.
What were rock and pillar edicts used for by Ashoka?
To establish direct communication with the people.
19.
.What was the duty of Rajukas?
To deliver justice in the empire.
20. What was the duty of
dhammahamatras?
To teach the policies of dhamma to the people.
21. How did Ashoka show kindness
to animals?
Prohibition of killing of birds and animals banned butchering of
animals in his palace kitchen.
22. What was the commander-in-
chief of the Mauryan army called?
Senapati
23. Name some of the high
officials in the Mauryan Empire?
Amatyas, Mahamatras and Adhyaksas.
24. What was the commander-in-
chief of the Mauryan army called?
Senapati
25. Name some of the high
officials in the Mauryan Empire?
Amatyas, Mahamatras and Adhyaksas.
26.
Why was the Mauryan Empire divided into provinces?
For
administrative purposes.
27. Who ruled
the Mauryan provinces?
They were
ruled by Viceroys who were prices or kumaras.
28. What was the main source of
income in the Mauryan Empire?
Land revenue
29. Which official was in charge
for collection of finances and revenue?
Samaharta
30. What
adversely affected the Brahmans in the Mauryan dynasty?
Promotion of
Buddhism
31. Which foreign power invaded
India in 206 BCE?
The Bactrians
32. Why do you think that taxes
were important for the Mauryan kingdom?
For the maintenance of the king,
his ministers, army, salaries of other officials, religious purposes and on
infrastructure.
Chapter – India location and physical features
1)
State the divisions of Himalayan Ranges.
Trans
Himalayas, Himalayan Ranges and Eastern Hills/Purvanchal
2)
From where does the Trans Himalayas originate?
(Pamir Knot)
3)
How are Himalayas divided into three parallel ranges?
Himadri,
Himachal and Shiwalik
4)
Name the small ranges that are part of Purvanchal.
the Garo, the
Khasi, Jaintia Hills, Patkai Bum, Naga Hills, Mizo Hills
5. How are northern plains
formed?
The northern
plains are formed by the alluvial deposits of three – the Indus, the Ganga and
the Brahmaputra
6.
Where is the largest mangrove in the world located? (Sunderbans)
7. From where does River Ganga
originate?
River Ganga originates from Gangotri in the
Himalayas
8.
Where does the major part of River Indus lie? The major part of River
Indus lies in Pakistan
9.
What is Brahmaputra known as in China?
Tsangpo
Chapter-
District Administration
1.
Why is it
necessary to have some form of government at every level in a country?
It is necessary to have some form of
government at every level in a country for the smooth governance of the
country. As well as the proper
functioning of the country.
2. What does the word Zila Parishad mean?
The
Hindi word Parishad means council, hence, Zila Parishad means district council.
3. Who heads the Zila Parishad?
The Zila Parishad is headed by a President
and a Vice- President.
4. What is the composition of the Zila Parishad?
The
composition of the Zila Parishad is a minimum of 50 and a maximum of 75 members.
5.
How does the Zila Parishad promote education?
The Zila Parishad opens and runs
schools and also conducts adult literacy programmes.
6.
How does the
Zila Parishad take care of the health needs of the district?
Zila
Parishad looks after the primary health centers and hospitals, and conducts
vaccination drives against epidemics. It also conducts family welfare
campaigns.
7. Why do you think that the Zila
Parishad is important for the overall development of the district?
The Zilla Parishad
is important for the overall development of the district as it performs various
developmental functions for the district such as looking after agricultural
programmes.
8.
What do you think are the different ranks in
the police force?
The different ranks in the police force are
the Commissioner of Police, the Deputy Commissioner of Police, the Director
General of Police, and the Additional Director General of Police, Inspector, Sub
Inspector,
Assistant Sub-Inspector, Head Constable, and Constables.
9.
Why do you think the police force is important for every city?
A police force is important for every city
because they maintain the law and order in the
city and keep way crime from the
city.
10. Who is the highest executive officer in the district?
The district
collector is the highest executive officer in the district.
11. What type of schemes is the district collector
responsible for?
The district collector is responsible for
the implementation of rural development schemes.
12.
Who is the head of the police force at the district level?
The
head of the police force at the district level is the Superintendent of Police (SP).
13. What is the duty of the inspector of
a police station?
The
inspector of a police station has to prevent and detect crime, and maintain law
and order within his jurisdiction.
14. Why was the post of the additional collector formed?
The post of
the additional collector was formed to support the District Collector in his
every day work.
15.
What are the powers of the additional collector?
The
powers of the additional collector are the same as the powers of the district collector.
16. Why do you think the Additional Collector is important
to the functioning of the district collector?
The Additional Collector is important to
the functioning of the district collector as this post has been formed to
support the District Collector in his everyday work. Besides the Additional
Collector have the same powers as the District
Collector.
17. Which officers operate police stations?
The police
stations are operated by officers of the rank of Sub – Inspectors, Assistant
Sub-Inspectors, Head Constables and Constables.
18. Why do you think that government offices
have different officers in charge of different departments?
The government offices have different officers
in charge of different departments so as to ensure that there is supervision of
the work of every department, decentralization of work, and smooth functioning
of every department.
19. What are sub divisional officers in charge of?
Sub divisional officers are mainly in
charge for day to day revenue work.
20.
Whom does the sub divisional officer act as a link between?
The sub
divisional officer acts as a link between the District Collector and the
Tahsildar in his sub division.
21. Who is the lowest rank in the Revenue Administration
of a district?
The lowest
rank in the Revenue Administration of a district is the Patwari.
22. What are the duties of a Patwari?
The
duties of the Patwari include conducting surveys, field inspections, revision
of maps or reports related to
alterations, partitions, revenue or rents etc.
23. Why do you think the District Kanungo is important for
the smooth functioning of the Kanungo organization?
The District
Kanungo is responsible for the efficiency of both the Office and the Field
Kanungo.
24. What is the role of the Sub Divisional officer during
natural disasters?
A Sub
Divisional officer has to see to the complaints and problems of the people
during natural disasters.
25.
What role does a Patwari play during the outbreak of diseases?
A
Patwari has to report all serious mishaps disturbing the land or the crops
along with outbreaks of diseases.
26. What does the word inheritance mean?
To take or
receive by succession or a will.
27.
Do men and women receive an equal inheritance?
In the past men and women did not
receive an equal inheritance. But now both men and women receive an equal
inheritance under law.
28. What rights do Hindu women or girls have under The
Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act
2005?
Under the
Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act of 2005, a Hindu woman or girl will have equal
property rights along with other male relatives for any division prepared for
the succession.
29. What did The Hindu Succession Act
2005 state concerning liabilities?
The Hindu Succession Act 2005 stated that female inheritors
would have the liabilities tied on the property along with the male inheritors.
30. Why do you think that The Hindu Succession (Amendment)
Act 2005 is important concerning women’s rights?
The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005
is important concerning women’s rights because both men and women have equal
rights concerning the inheritance of property.
